Jumat, 05 Oktober 2012

Is Security a Blow to BYOD?

In the recent times, smartphones and tablets are conquering the enterprises in breakneck speed. The concept of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is a growing trend in enterprise businesses. With the consumerization of enterprise mobility, a growing percentage of employees are bringing their personal devices to work. The relative shift from stable mobile environments to diverse mobile devices pose severe challenges to IT in different areas such as the access control, enforcement of corporate policies and procedures, security of confidential data on user devices and a number of mobile security issues. Security in BYOD seems to be serious threat to enterprises, which they can mitigate by devising and implementing appropriate security best practices through a successful personal BYOD program to run their business operations diligently.
As modern technological advancements like mobility penetrates deep into today's corporate environments, the enterprise enjoy many benefits such as the increased employee productivity, satisfaction and effectiveness. However, there are significant concerns about the privacy and security of sensitive corporate data stored on these mobile devices that IT must tackle. Enterprises must adopt security best practices as a reasonable usage policy rather than viewing it as a deterrent to the BYOD program. The important security best practices an enterprise should employ for a safe BYOD program are discussed in this article.
Physical Security
Enterprises should enhance the physical security of the mobile devices accessing the corporate networks, through BYOD programs, by employing multifactor authentication. The existing corporate security policies must also be extended to BYOD such as enforcing the use of a user name, strong password with a combination of special characters, numbers & alphabets and a series of PIN numbers such as 4 digits personal identification numbers and 6 digits codes which are generated automatically and expire in a short duration of time, e.g. 30 or 60 sec.
Identity & Access
Enterprises should set access levels and permissions for each user or user groups accessing their corporate network using BYOD or COPE (company owned personally enabled) devices. This is accomplished by setting up user profiles for each of the employees in an enterprise. Access permissions need to be set for each of the business critical applications, folder and for files that are saved, read, edited and emailed. Thus, authorized mobile device users will access the corporate network in a secured manner. Devising a proper Mobile Device Management (MDM) solution would help the enterprises to keep track of the mobile devices (either company owned or employee owned) connected to the corporate network. The user management console of the MDM solution would help the IT managers to manage the identity and access settings for each of the employees in an enterprise. Centralized MDM software can also help to update the access rights and roll out the updates to the operating system and applications installed on the mobile devices from one central console.
Enterprises should also ensure that their cellular network service providers have built in security across their network. These include two-factor authentication support, anti-malware, anti-spam software, public key infrastructure (PKI) authentication and fraud detection.
Content Security
Enterprises should ensure that proper security protocols are in place on the corporate network, so that BYOD users accessing the network through their encrypted device from a Public IP would gain access to only authorized resources. BYOD does not mean that any corporate data in the enterprise network is freely accessible. A good combination of intelligent software's such as anti-malware, data encryption, content filtration, data loss prevention (DLP) and intrusion prevention software help to safeguard the corporate data from un-authorized access. If the device is lost or stolen and falls into the hands of strangers, the enterprises must prevent the corporate data loss by remotely administering account lock-out or wiping features of the MDM software. Thus, content security is enforced with reasonable BYOD program in enterprises.
Remote Access with SSL VPN
Enterprises must setup a secure network connection for their BYOD users using virtual private networks (VPNs). Single socket layer virtual private network (SSL VPN) unlike the other VPNs renders employees with enormous flexibility to access the network securely from any remote location and from any mobile device. SSL VPNs provide access to shared resources without any security concerns in transmitting sensitive data over the internet, since it encrypts the data as it traverses over the internet. Furthermore, SSL VPN provides secure remote connectivity without the need for software to be installed on each device.
Detect Jail Breaks
Enterprises should automatically detect jailbroken or rooted mobile devices connecting to the corporate network in the BYOD program. Such devices need to be refused connectivity to the corporate networks and thus containing the resulting business risk. Enterprises should proactively assess the integrity of the mobile devices used for business during device enrollment and thereafter periodically. One way to accomplish this is by employing a MDM Solution in the corporate network that can detect the jailbroken or rooted devices. Push notifications need to be sent to the jailbroken devices to remedy the device, if it fails the compromised device need to be unenrolled from network or remotely wiped using MDM tools.
MDM & ITSM
Business IT teams look for MDM solutions with the rising popularity of BYOD in enterprises. However, there exist a disconnection between MDM and ITSM (IT Service Management) strategies which results in inefficiencies and misunderstandings. Enterprises should efficiently integrate MDM capabilities to their existing ITSM platforms to gain control over all the assets such as desktops, laptops and mobile devices from a single focal point. This results in increased consistency and transparency throughout the organization. Profoundly, integrated solutions allow for complete control of devices, including enforcement of passcodes, detect jailbreaks or rooting, ability to remotely lock or wipe the lost or stolen devices and the ability to remotely configure WiFi or email configurations.
Conclusion
There are very many MDM products available in the market suiting to the specific needs of the enterprise and its security. The complex legal impact of the BYOD practice should be carefully considered by employing a multi-factor approach. Security in a BYOD program results in a reasonable personal device usage policy which mitigates the risks and it is truly a win/win game for the users and the organizations.
Emma is an Online Market Research Analyst specialized in Mobile Computing and Mobile Device Management Solution. She works at ZSL and regularly contributes writing articles on latest trends and developments that is happening in the Mobile world and its impact on enterprise businesses. She can be reached at marketingus@zsl.com.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Emma_W_Watson

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7306240

Selasa, 02 Oktober 2012

100 FILE RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA (RAB) KONSTRUKSI DAN UMUM


Halaman Blog tunggal ini menyediakan 100 File Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) untuk kegiatan konstruksi dan umum yang siap didownload di halaman ini saat ini juga.

Namun sebelumnya perlu diberitahukan bahwa File-File tersebut telah terpassword. Kami menjual Password seharga Rp.150.000,- 
Rp.50.000,-  untuk semua File di Blog ini (1 Password Untuk Semua File Di Blog Ini) sebagai ganti dari biaya jasa Kami mengumpulkan File-File RAB ini hingga dapat digunakan secara praktis.

Jika Anda Kesulitan Untuk Melakukan Transfer Bank, Biaya Password
DAPAT DIGANTI DENGAN TRANSFER PULSA/ PULSA ELEKTRIK ATAU PENGIRIMAN NOMOR VOUCHER PULSA TELKOMSEL AS 50RIBU, Hubungi Pengelola Dengan SMS Ketik : Password RAB Pulsa Kirim Ke Nomor 085265328328.

Ya, Rp.50.000,- kiranya cukup setara dengan penghematan biaya untuk browsing mencari contoh-contoh RAB atau sedang memperdalam pengertian rencana anggaran biaya di internet. Apalagi dengan memiliki 100 FIle Rencana Anggaran Biaya Konstruksi (RAB) Dan Umum ini kiranya anda tidak perlu lagi repot dan susah untuk browsing lagi jika memerlukan sebuah perencanaan yang memerlukan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB), baik itu berupa rencana Anggaran biaya bangunan, konstruksi sarana prasarana maupun Kegiatan Umum, karena 100 File contoh rencana anggaran biaya tersebut dapat mewakili kebutuhan anda terhadap referensi dari penyusunan sebuah RAB.
Berikut Adalah SAMPEL/CONTOH RAB Yang Ada di Blog Ini dan TIDAK TERPASSWORD.

Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan File Dan Password dari 100 File RAB tersebut ?
Untuk Cara TRANSFER BANK dengan 6 Langkah Berikut :
1. Download File - Filenya di Halaman Ini.
Keterangan : 100 File RAB tersebut telah kami gabung-gabungkan menjadi 15 File dan tidak kami satukan  menjadi 1 File karena menghindari File yang terlalu besar dan sulit untuk didownload. File Kami satukan berdasarkan Nomor File yang tertera dalam daftar Judul RAB di bagian bawah halaman blog tunggal ini.
Jadi jika saat ini anda belum bisa mendownload semua file, maka anda dapat kembali kapan saja untuk mendownload seluruh file dihalaman ini.

2. Setelah File didownload, Lakukan Pemesanan Password dengan mengirim SMS, Ketik : Password RAB dan Kirim Ke Nomor 
085265328328. (Nomor HP anda akan di save untuk kelancaran proses pemesanan password)

3. Kami akan membalas SMS anda dan menyertakan digit angka unik untuk anda Transfer beserta Bank Tujuan Transfer (BRI, BNI atau BCA).
Contoh digit angka unik : Rp.49.890,-

4. Lakukan Transfer dengan besaran sesuai Digit Angka Unik yang Kami Berikan ke Bank Tujuan Transfer yang akan Kami kirimkan melalui SMS.
PENTING : Harap melakukan Transfer sesuai digit angka yang Kami berikan untuk kemudahan Kami mengidentifikasi Transfer Anda beserta Nomor Handphone yang anda gunakan.
Jika anda sulit mentransfer sejumlah Digit Angka Unik, cukup Transfer Rp.50.000,- sambil menyertakan Nomor HP anda pada Berita Transfer.

5. Lakukan Konfirmasi Melalui SMS Kembali Ke Nomor Hp :  085265328328  untuk menginformasikan bahwa anda telah melakukan transfer. (Sebaiknya menyertakan Bank Tujuan Transfer Anda (BRI, BNI atau BCA) untuk mempercepat pengecekan)


6. Segera Setelah Transfer Anda Masuk, Password File akan dikirim ke Nomor Handphone yang anda gunakan.
Catatan : Transfer Anda akan kami Cek dengan mudah melalui SMS Banking atau Klik BCA Kapan Dan Dimana Saja.

Catatan :  File - File Dalam Bentuk RAR dan Telah Terpassword. Untuk Membuka File RAR menggunakan Program WINRAR. Jika Belum terinstall di komputer anda, WINRAR dapat di Download Gratis Di Sini.
Untuk Beberapa File RAB merupakan RAB dari Program Pemerintah dan Menggunakan 2 Sumber dana.
 
Berikut adalah Daftar Judul dan Link Download dari 100 File RAB di Blog ini :
RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA UNTUK PEKERJAAN KONSTRUKSI
(dalam Format Excell)

1. RAB PEMBANGUNAN PASAR VOLUME 15 x 8M
2. RAB PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG SEKOLAH TAMAN KANAK KANAK (TK) + MEUBILAIR VOLUME 8 x 12 M
3. RAB PEMBANGUNAN BENDUNGAN IRIGASI
4. RAB PEMBANGUNAN JALAN PERKERASAN TELASAH DAN GORONG-GORONG
5. RAB PEMBANGUNAN JALAN PERKERASAN RABAT BETON + SALURAN DRAINASE + PLAT DUIKKER
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 3-5
6. RAB PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN GELAGAR BETON
7. RAB PENGADAAN AIR MINUM PEMBANGUNAN SUMUR BOR DAN HYDRAN UMUM
8. RAB PEMBANGUNAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHYDRO (PLTMH) 5000W
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 6-8
9. RAB PENGAMANAN TEPI SUNGAI DENGAN SUSUNAN BATU DAN KAWAT BRONJONG
10. RAB PEMBANGUNAN SALURAN DRAINASE + PLAT DUICKER
11. RAB PENGADAAN LISTRIK DESA DENGAN GENSET + RUMAH GENSET
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 9-11
12. RAB PENGADAAN AIR MINUM HYDRAN UMUM + RUMAH POMPA
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 12
13. RAB PEMBANGUNAN JAMBAN SEKOLAH + WASTAFEL + SUMUR BOR + SUMUR GALI
14. RAB PEMABNGUNAN JEMBATAN GELAGAR KAYU BENTANGAN 12 M
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 13-14
15. RAB PEMBANGUNAN SALURAN DRAINASE 712M
16. RAB PEMBANGUNAN MCK
17. RAB PEMBANGUNAN MENARA KRAN AIR MINUM
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 15-17
18. RAB PENGADAAN AIR BERSIH PERPIPAAN + BAK PENAMPUNG
19. RAB PENGADAN AIR MINUM INTEK BRONCAP
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 18-19
20. RAB PENGADAAN AIR MINUM PIPA KRAN
21. RAB PEMBANGUNAN POSKESDES
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 20-21
22. RAB PEMBANGUNAN DRAINASE 476M
23. RAB PEMBANGUNAN TALUD
24. RAB PEMBANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL 145 M2
25. RAB PEMBANGUNAN JALAN PAVING
26. RAB PEMASANGAN PAVING BLOCK
27. RAB PEMBANGUNAN KANTOR PENGELOLAAN TAMAN NASIONAL
28. RAB PEMBANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL
29. RAB PEMBANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL2
30. RAB PEMBANGUNAN SEKOLAH SMK
31. RAB PENYELESAIAN PROTOTYPE BANGUNAN GEDUNG KANTOR TAHAP I
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 22-31
32. RAB PERUMAHAN CITRA PURI
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 32
33. RAB PERUMAHAN PURI MAHKOTA
34. RAB PEMBANGUNAN POSYANDU
35. RAB PEKERJAAN PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG GIZI
36. RAB PEKERJAAN REHAB BERAT RUANG KETERAMPILAN
38. RAB SEMENISASI JALAN DESA
39. RAB RENOVASI KAMAR HOTEL
40. RAB RENOVASI RUMAH
41. RAB RENOVASI RUMAH2
42. RAB PEKERJAAN SIRING PANTAI KAYU ULIN
43. RAB ESTIMASI PEMBANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL TYPE A
44. RAB PEMBANGUNAN KANTIN FAKULTAS
45. RAB PEMBANGUNAN TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR TPA
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 33-45
46. RAB REHABILITASI SD NEGERI
47. RAB PEMBANGUNAN SMP
48. RAB BREAK WATER PANTAI
49. RAB PEMBANGUNA SEKOLAH TK 2 LOKAL + ALAT BERMAIN
50. RAB PEMBANGUNAN PASAR IKAN
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 46-50
51. RAB PEMBANGUNAN JALAN RABAT BETON DESA + DRAINASE + PLAT DUICKER
52. RAB PEMBANGUNAN JALAN RABAT BETON DESA LOKASI DI ATAS GUNUNG
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 51-52
RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA (RAB) NON - KONSTRUKSI

53. RAB KEGIATAN DIES UNIVERSITAS
54. RAB KEGIATAN SISTEM INFORMASI KEUANGAN
55. RAB KONFERENSI KEBUDAYAAN
56. RAB DAN MAKALAH PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG RUANG KELAS BARU 3 LANTAI RKB SMK
57. MAKALAH PENGERTIAN RAB DAN CONTOH
58. RAB PELAKSANAAN KEGIATAN PERENCANAAN PARTISIPATIF
59. RAB PEMBUATAN APLIKASI SISTEM KEARSIPAN DISPENDA KOTA
60. RAB PEMBUATAN CD PEMBELAJARAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF PAKET A
61. RAB PENGADAAN BUKU DAK SMP TA 2010
62. RAB PENGADAAN BUKU DAK SMP TA 2010 (2)
63. RAB PENGADAAN KOMPUTER SEKOLAH
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 53-63
64. RAB PENGADAAN LOOSE FURNITURE
65. RAB PENGEMBANGAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN TIKET X-TRAVEL
66. RAB PENGEMBANGAN LAYANAN PUSAT TIK SMK
67. RAB PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN KAMPUS
68. RAB PENGEMBANGAN SOFTWARE APLIKASI SISTEM PENGAWASAN DAN PENILAIAN KINERJA INSTANSI
69. RAB PENGISIAN DATABASE SEKOLAH DAN LHBS
70. RAB PENYUSUNAN BISNIS PLAN KAWASAN STRATEGIS KABUPATEN
71. RAB PERALATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI TIK SMA
72. RAB PROGRAM TINDAK LANJUT NEED ASSESSMENT DAN SOCILA MAPPING BIDANG UKM
73. RAB PROYEK JUDUL PROPOSAL
74. RAB DANA BOS DAN LPJ
75. RAB BUDGET UKM
76. RAB ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSE
77. RAB KEGIATAN SOSIALISASI STANDAR BIAYA
78. RAB LOKAKARYA PLPBK
79. RAB MITIGASI STRUKTUR BENCANA GELOMBANG EKSTRIM BERBAHAYA
80. RAB PENGADAAN ALAT PENGOLAH DATA
81. RAB PENGADAAN DAN PEMASANGAN ALT PKB
82. RAB PENGELOLAAN RUSUNAWA
83. RAB SMP
84. RAB START UP SAHAM USAHA INTERNET
85. RAB PEMBUATAN SOFTWARE
86. RAB REALISASI DAYA SERAP ANGGARAN DAN FISIK PROGRAM KEGIATAN UNIVERSITAS
87. RAB REHAB RUMAH BERSUBSIDI
88. RENCANA ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA SEKOLAH SMP
89. RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA PERALATAN PRAKTEK PENJUALAN SMK
90. RENCANA ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA KAMPUNG
91.RENCANA PROGRAM KEGIATAN DAN ANGGARAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG
92.RAB RENCANA TATA RUANG KAWASAN STRATEGIS KABUPATEN
93.RINCIAN PERHITUNGAN BIAYA PERKEGIATAN TAHUN ANGGARAN 2007 DINAS PERKEBUNAN
94.RAB SISTEM MONITORING ASPEK SOSIAL EKONOMI PENGOPERASIAN JEMBATAN SURAMADU
95. RAB KEGIATAN SOSIALISASI PERILAKU HIDUP SEHAT
96. RAB PENGADAAN BEASISWA PERLENGKAPAN SISWA DAN HONOR GURU ABDI
97. RAB BANTUAN SOSIAL IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS TIK DAN PENERIMAAN PESERTA DIDIK
98. RAB PENDATAAN PENDIDIKAN DASAR
99. RAB DANA BOS SMA
100. RAB PELATIHAN LEMBAGA
Klik Di Sini Untuk Download File 64-100

Cara Mudah Membuka File RAR yang telah di Download :
(Dalam Hal Ini Maka Program WINRAR harus sudah terinstall dikomputer anda) Klik Kanan Pada File Yang Telah Di Download, Lalu Pilih extract here, Masukkan Password dan OK

Jika ada yang kurang dimengerti dapat menghubungi Nomor Handphone : 085265328328


IKLAN

Bila Anda Sedang Mencari FIle Gambar Dalam Bentuk Format dwg (Autocad) Baik itu desain gambar rumah, villa, tower dll dapat melihat penawaran diblog gambarkerja-dwg.blogspot.com

Lagi Punya Masalah  ?? Posting Masalah Anda Di Web Forum Realtime Baru Dengan Fitur Chating Dan Sharing Mudah Tanpa Daftar, Temukan Solusi Dan Bantu Orang Lain Mencari Solusi Masalah Secara REALTIME di masalahKITA.com



T'rimakasih
kumpulan-rab.blogspot.com 2012

Senin, 01 Oktober 2012

Fifty Years of Technology Gone?


Technology has come a long way in the past fifty years. And if I told you something about all the great technology that came about in the past fifty years I could go on forever!
But instead lets focus on some of the great technology we've enjoyed for approximately fifty years, and has also disappeared much too soon due to replacement of even newer technology.
Let's begin back around the late 1960's and into the 1970's with the development of the simple 8 track cassette which was the new technology for listening to music at the time. Now in order to listen to 8 Track Cassettes you just had to have an 8 Track Player to do so, and if you did you were all set to enjoy some music.
Personally I'm old enough today to have been around in that marvelous period of time to have seen the success and down fall of the great 8 Track Cassettes. I actually still have some of my old 8 Tracks from back then, but unfortunately I'm not able to listen to them since I do not have an 8 Track Player to do so. Now there was also a 4 Track Cassette at the time which was actually developed shortly before the 8 Track was but was short lived primarily because it only had two tracks meaning that when you wanted to listen to a different song you simply would push a button on the player to change the track on it. But with the 8 Track you actually had four tracks which gave you more of a selection of songs to choose from which was much more popular with people who bought them.
Now before long smaller Cassettes also for listening to music were on the market, they were more compact then the 8 Track Cassettes were. So now we had both 8 Track Cassettes and the compact smaller Cassettes to enjoy for our music entertainment, but it seemed before you could say "8 Track Cassettes" they we're gone! And now leaving us with only the smaller Cassettes to listen to and to enjoy.
So the only other format to play music at that time was the standard Photograph Record Player which of course had been around for many years prior. But as time went on once again Cassettes now were no longer available as well. So now you would no longer have to worry about tapes breaking or coming out of the cartridges with both 8 Tracks and Cassettes, but now they were both gone. While we still had the Photograph Record to enjoy music until the next big technology came along, but what would it be?
And that next big technology that allowed us to listen to music that sounded better than ever was the Compact Disc (CD), and this format was no longer a tape but a disc. I personally can still remember at the time when the local record stores took all of the photograph records off their selves in the store and replaced them all with Compact Disc's (CD), that was impressive for me because that was a major change from Records that I grew up with and had enjoyed playing for years but were no longer available, it had all changed now to CD's.
Now you had to of course change your players from the standard Record Player to the CD Player in order to enjoy your music, but probably the biggest benefit to changing this technology from records to CD's was they simply sounded much better by eliminating the "pops" that records typically would have. Now today we still have CD's, but with all the other means that people have to enjoy music off the internet the CD's are just not as popular as they had been in the past, and perhaps the day may not be far off before it will also become difficult to find them as well.
Now what about the technology that brought us the Video Cassette Recorder (VCR)? Well first with the Video Cassette Recorder basically there was two different types of tapes that were available to use on your VCR. First was the Beta Cassette, then their was the VHS Cassette. You can still purchase the VHS Cassette even though it may be difficult to do so. But as for the Beta you no longer can find them due to the simple fact that the Beta Cassette was simply much smaller than the VHS Cassette and as a result less storage space to record what you wanted.
The Video Cassette Recorder (VCR) was nice because you could record your favorite tv show and play them back and watch them anytime you choose to do so. At the time I personally recorded and purchased so many Cassette's that it had grown into a large Video Cassette Library that I in fact still have in addition to my VCR. But guess what! Beta and VHS were both tapes as were the 8 Tracks and the small Cassettes, and that is now old technology, and you may recall what happened to them, YES... they were replaced with the new technology just as the Video Cassette Recorder was.
Now what new technology was next? What great technology replaced the Video Cassette Recorder? The answer is the DVD Player! and is still a current technology enjoyed today and again has no tape, because it is simply a disc. Does this sound familiar? Of course, 8 Track Tape technology changing to CD's, and now with Video Tapes on the VCR changing the technology to DVD's.
So when it comes to enjoying music as well as enjoying watching movies all this technology may be only the beginning. And to fairly discuss all technology advances would require something short of writing a book. So since I'm focusing on just the technology in which I have discussed which was a large part of my life as I grew up, and knowing that so many young people were not around years ago to have experienced that technology as I did, but I sincerely hope that everyone will find it as exciting as I do, and will follow the continuous changes of technology as related to music and movie entertainment.
And now we can only wait for the next great technology change that gives us something we've never experienced before, in the mean time continue to follow the forever changes in technology.
Sometimes it may feel as though technology moves too fast, especially if we enjoy and love our technology that we are currently using. But when old technology is replaced with new technology it usually means that the old technology is no longer available, so what do you do then? look http://rahmanthamrin.blogspot.com

By
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=William_H._Hebda

Impressive Technology


Photopolymer Plates
The process is a simple theory, photopolymer properties alter under exposure to UV light. A similar technology exists in the coating on aluminium lithographic printing plates, both are exposed to UV light through a film (positive or negative) and in the case of 'positive' litho plates the exposed area is washed away but in the case of photopolymer the unexposed material is washed away while the exposed portion is hardened, therefore film negatives are used. Photopolymer is available in a variety of forms and thicknesses with different features, the principle feature for letterpress is the 'shore hardness' which can range from low 20's to around 85 for certain steel backed plates, the harder plates (60 upwards) being suitable for deeper impression work. There are certain issues to keep in mind - every part of the processing cycle is important and any variable makes a difference. Each plate type according to it's own specification will require different exposure times, washout times and temperatures, oven temperatures for drying and post exposure and drying times. It sounds complicated but it is surprisingly straight forward.
The Process
A film negative is made of the desired image or design to be printed or 'letterpressed'. A portion of photopolymer plate is cut corresponding to the image size then placed in the exposure tray. The film negative is overlayed ensuring the film (emulsion side down) is in good contact with no air bubbles or pockets between the film and plate which will cause UV leakage and a blurred image. The vacuum blanket is rolled over the film and plate, drawer closed and the exposure time begins starting the vacuum and UV lights. After exposure the plate is placed in the washout unit for several minutes (depending on plate type) in water around 20ºc. Soft brushes rotate to wash away waste material and the plate is immediately dehydrated to remove excess water and placed in the drying unit for the appropriate time at a temperature between 60ºc and 80ºc. After initial drying is complete plates are post exposed to UV light without the vacuum (as no film is used at this point) and placed once more in to the dryer, the second drying time is important to ensure the plates are properly 'detacked'. The plate is now finished and can be mounted on double sided adhesive ready to place on a precision ground metal base on the press, the whole process taking around 30 - 40 minutes. For letterpress the preferred plates are 'foil' (meaning plastic) backed rather than steel backed which are difficult to cut and work with, particularly for multi-colour work. Of the foil backed plates available the KF range by Toyobo is one of the most popular and widely used and particularly the KF95 (0.95mm plate) and the KF152 (1.52mm plate). It has to be remembered that the deeper plates like the KF152 need extra exposure time so the UV can penetrate to the floor of the plate and properly cure or harden the polymer. Failure to do this can result in weak plates that don't last the print run with fine details gradually disappearing from the inked impression. The plate must then be packed behind to compensate but this is problematic and not desirable. Even in well made plates there are limits to the degree of fine detail achievable in a photopolymer plate, lines below 0.3 pt may well not hold through the production process.
Developments
Important developments in technology have made the polymer plate system more feasible in recent years at both entry level and for large lithographic businesses both enjoying advancements towards a more 'computer to plate' (CTP) process. In lithography this is a slightly different process using a variation of the photopolymer plate system known as Flexography which focuses more on accurate halftones required by modern presses. For both Flexography and Photopolymer for Letterpress, CTP has been forwarded by the development of new polyester based films. Developments in laser films do not seem to be successful for this kind of high end work but inkjet films achieve consistent industry standard results with DMAX >4 though it is necessary to use a software RIP to achieve this. The success of the polyester films lies in the greater accuracy of modern inkjet printers (the minimum requirement would be an appliance like the Epson 4900 which is still a relatively modest investment) and in the science of the film product. We've tested a variety but endorse the Folex product Reprojet P HD available on 30 meter rolls or cut sheets. The film works not by holding sufficient ink to be a dense black and thus reach the DMAX target but rather by the filament within the structure of the film working with the ink to deflect light and cut it out from the polymer. We have found in testing that exposure times greater than required can result in UV leakage (particularly if the ink is too light) but then plate makers should be working to the guide times specified by plate manufacturers so this is not an issue. The film will hold a remarkable amount of ink which combined with the film's properties give excellent results. Trying to print film without a RIP like Waasatch, Filmgate or EFI just using the Epson onboard drivers will result in floating (ink literally floating on the surface) and wastage. These RIP's are and added expense to small print shops but there is a cheaper option in Accurip which we've tested running at droplet size 13 out of 15 and the results are excellent. We've also used EFI and are about to test Waasatch. Any of these RIP's perform the important task of taking control of the way ink is laid down as well as the amount whereas onboard printer drivers will put the ink down, in simple terms, too much too quickly.
Rising Demand
With the resurging interest in letterpress and particularly the artform side of this printing process, photpolymer plates have been in increasing demand in the UK and in particular plates that allow a deeper impression in to thick paper for the luxury stationery market. Although polymer plates have been available for a while the KF152 for deep impression work has not been distributed in the UK in recent times. There is now a distributor and Lyme Bay Press are providing KF152 plates as the sole distributor and a plate making service as well as technical support for those with printing problems, encouraging new growth in the letterpress community.
Conclusion
It may seem a little odd that Europe seems to be at the front of this technology, one normally thinks of Japan or the USA for innovation but for once legislation may have been a help rather than a hindrance. Europe has increased it's expectations of industry meeting environmental requirements in a way which is forcing improvements in the workplace. Traditional film making uses chemicals which are hazardous in use and difficult to dispose of, perhaps this has increased the demand for earlier film products to improve. Many litho printers (us included) will have used laser plates at one time or another for simple short run one colour jobs, it's quick and easy, printed straight from the desktop. The problems are damping issues which make these plates difficult to run but now it's possible to develop positive metal plates using inkjet film. Each year the report from DRUPA is the progress the printing industry is making in CTP. There are now printers which inkjet metal plates directly, though the investment is significant the time saving element is very desirable. There is much talk about the 'digital presses' which can inkjet 11,000 sheets per hour with ultra sharp dots. The inevitable question is the cost per impression which still means the digital route has not eclipsed the traditional press but it will come. To get back on target, our conclusion has been after vigorous research and testing, recent developments have made it possible to produce Litho standard Flexographic or Letterpress Photopolymer plates of a very high standard through CTP processes at a very affordable rate both in terms of initial investment and production, sufficient to make this a viable commercial interest.
KF152 Photopolymer Plates UK
Chase Base Plate Mounting
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Photo Editing Sites That Can Come In Handy

It's not like I am totally a computer freak or anything, but every time I am on my computer, I try doing or learning things I really enjoy or like. One of such things is photo editing. Now let me mention one thing very clearly, I am definitely not a 'geniously brilliant' person when it comes to computer stuff ( and I don't think I even want to be one:p) but I do all these stuff just for fun and do as long as I feel interest for these. To put in simpler words, my hobby for something remains as hobby until it becomes stress.
One thing to mention is that when I am talking of things like editing or gif or stuff like that, most of the time I do not include Photoshop on the list. Don't get me wrong, it's just I know PS does wonders ( once you know how to make it do so) and it's probably the best so far for editing and things like that for beginners as well as experts. But as a learner, I had hard times doing the same things I wanted because of not having a PS as I mentioned in my previous post. This is the very reason that even after I've started using PS I try finding out newer software and things till this date that can pretty much live up to the expectations of a learner or someone not having access to one.Okay, so I would like to share some of the photo editors here that are some of my favorites till now.
1. PicMonkey
Picmonkey is so far on my favorite photo editor's list. Those who have used Picnik already know the features it offered. Well Picmonkey does offer almost the same. However it doesn't have seasonal features unlike Picnik. That means you cannot have special editing options for Halloween, or St. Patrick's Day etc. Apart from that, for me it is just excellent.
2. Ipiccy
After Picmonkey, this is my second favorite site. This is just a wonderful site for editing and stuff. Very much like Picnik or Picmonkey, this site offers more features in addition. Even the view is very much Picnik-ish so I think you'll love it once you get used to it.
3. Lunapic
This is an awesome site for not only editing but other stuff as well. You yourself can have a look at the home page to see what features it offers. This is my favorite site too, specially because you have a image blending option available. If you follow the instruction appropriately, you can successfully create wonderful blended images. If you don't have PS or don't yet know how to use it to blend photos, then I suggest you to give this site a try.
4. Pixlr
If you have finished editing photos as a beginner and want to do a little bit more then just adding effects or frames or stuff, then this is really a very good place for that. As you will notice, there are three options in the home page and you can choose to edit using any of the options you prefer. The 'Advanced' one looks like a paint window but you can do a lot more than just painting and cropping things there. 'Efficient' one also provides you with a lot of options to select in order to edit, modify or blend pictures. One good thing here is that you can customize most of the effects and settings according to your wish. The last option, 'Playful' one is quite similar to Picmonkey, only with some extra effects and frames to use.
5. Free Online Photo Editor
It's a pretty good site for editing as well. The feature I specially like here is the Glitter Text option. There are other sites for this too but somehow I find this more interesting and easy to use, once you are habituated to it.
There are millions of other sites that lets you do editing and things like that. But just do a little surfing before you sign up or install any unknown software.
This is an article on photo editing. Find more articles on editing and things like this on Muna's Blog http://thoughtsuntoldnafsa.blogspot.com/
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